{"id":3874,"date":"2020-12-10T04:05:16","date_gmt":"2020-12-09T22:35:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/?p=3874"},"modified":"2021-08-30T15:20:45","modified_gmt":"2021-08-30T09:50:45","slug":"04-03-02","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/advanced-level-science\/04-03-02\/","title":{"rendered":"04.03.02 &#8211; \u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-shadow\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" style=\"border-radius: 15px;\" href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/uc?export=download&amp;id=1qcuwUpubX7rtK0ZWsuUDkflqtzc917VL\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0db4\u0dcf\u0da9\u0db8\u0dda \u0dc3\u0da7\u0dc4\u0db1 Download \u0d9a\u0dbb\u0d9c\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1.<\/a><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dae\u0dd2\u0dbb \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db4\u0dd6\u0dbb\u0dca\u0dab \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0dc3\u0dca\u0d9a\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dba\u0d9a \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba \u0db1\u0ddc \u0dc0\u0dd9\u0db1\u0dc3\u0dca \u0dc0\u0dd2\u0da7 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dc0 \u0d91\u0dc4\u0dd2 \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0db4\u0dda\u0d9a\u0dca\u0dc2 \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba\u0da7 \u0d85\u0db1\u0dd4\u0dbd\u0ddd\u0db8\u0dc0 \u0dc3\u0db8\u0dcf\u0db1\u0dd4\u0db4\u0dcf\u0dad\u0dd2\u0d9a \u0dc0\u0dda.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda \u0dc3\u0dca\u0d9a\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dba <strong>(m)<\/strong> \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba <strong>(P)<\/strong> \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad\u0dc0 \u0d87\u0dad\u0dd2 \u0dc0\u0dd2\u0da7, \u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba\u0da7 \u0d85\u0db1\u0dd4\u0dc0,<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{rcl}V\\;&amp;\\propto&amp;\\;T\\end{array} <\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0dc3\u0db8\u0dcf\u0db1\u0dd4\u0db4\u0dcf\u0dad\u0dd2\u0d9a \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad\u0dba <strong>k<\/strong> \u0dc0\u0dd2\u0da7,<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\"> \\begin{array}{rcl}V\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;k\\;T\\\\\\;\\;\\frac VT\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;k\\end{array}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba\u0dda <strong>k<\/strong> \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad\u0dba \u0dbb\u0db3\u0dcf \u0db4\u0dc0\u0dad\u0dd2\u0db1 \u0dc3\u0dcf\u0db0\u0d9a \u0dc0\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1\u0dda,<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\">\r\n<li>\u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad\u0dc0 \u0dad\u0db6\u0dcf \u0d9c\u0dad\u0dca \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0dc3\u0dca\u0d9a\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dba<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad\u0dc0 \u0dad\u0db6\u0dcf \u0d9c\u0dad\u0dca \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0dc0\u0dbb\u0dca\u0d9c\u0dba (<strong>\u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda M<\/strong>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db4\u0dd6\u0dbb\u0dca\u0dab \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0d9a \u0d85\u0dc0\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dae\u0dcf 2 \u0d9a\u0dca \u0dc3\u0db3\u0dc4\u0dcf \u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba \u0dba\u0dd9\u0daf\u0dd3\u0db8.<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"519\" height=\"290\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-27583 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/Pasted-into-04.03.02-\u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca-\u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/Pasted-into-04.03.02-\u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca-\u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba.png 519w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/Pasted-into-04.03.02-\u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca-\u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/Pasted-into-04.03.02-\u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca-\u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba-150x84.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 519px) 100vw, 519px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{rcl}\\frac{V_1}{T_1}\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;k\\;\\Rightarrow\\boxed P\\\\\\frac{V_2}{T_2}&amp;=&amp;\\;k\\;\\Rightarrow\\boxed Q\\\\&amp;&amp;\\boxed P\\;\u0db1\u0dca\\;\u0dc4\u0dcf\\boxed{\\;Q}\\;\u0db1\u0dca,\\\\\\frac{V_1}{T_1}&amp;=&amp;\\;\\frac{V_2}{T_2}\\end{array}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0dba\u0db8\u0dca \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0d9a \u0d85\u0dc0\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dae\u0dcf 2\u0d9a\u0dca \u0dc3\u0db3\u0dc4\u0dcf \u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba \u0daf\u0dd3\u0db8\u0da7 \u0db1\u0db8\u0dca \u0d85\u0dc0\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dae\u0dcf \u0daf\u0dd9\u0d9a\u0dda \u0db8 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda \u0dc3\u0dca\u0d9a\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dba \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba \u0db1\u0ddc\u0dc0\u0dd9\u0db1\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dc0 \u0db4\u0dd0\u0dc0\u0dad\u0dd2\u0dba \u0dba\u0dd4\u0dad\u0dd4\u0dba\u0dd2.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-27580\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/isotherm-1.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"284\" \/><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0d85\u0db1\u0dd4\u0dbb\u0dd6\u0db4 \u0db4\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dbb<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\">\r\n<li><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{l}T\\;\u0da7\\;\u0d91\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0dc0\\;V\\end{array}<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"268\" height=\"262\" class=\"wp-image-3921\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-681.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-681.png 268w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-681-150x147.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 268px) 100vw, 268px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{l}V\\;\\propto\\;T\\;\\\\T\\;\u0d9a\u0dd9\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca\\;\u0dc0\u0dbd\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dd2.\\end{array}<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\r\n<li><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{l}T\\;\u0da7\\;\u0d91\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0dc0\\;\\frac VT\\end{array}<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"246\" height=\"266\" class=\"wp-image-3922\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-682.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-682.png 246w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-682-150x162.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 246px) 100vw, 246px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"3\">\r\n<li><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{l}\\frac VT\\;\u0da7\\;\u0d91\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0dc0\\;V\\end{array}<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"308\" height=\"263\" class=\"wp-image-3923\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-683.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-683.png 308w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-683-300x256.png 300w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-683-150x128.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 308px) 100vw, 308px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"4\">\r\n<li>\u0dc3\u0dd9\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dc3\u0dca \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba\u0da7 \u0d91\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0dc0 V<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"489\" height=\"295\" class=\"wp-image-3924\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-684.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-684.png 489w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-684-300x181.png 300w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-684-150x90.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 489px) 100vw, 489px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 104px;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 104px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 104px;\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{rcl}T\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;\\theta\\;+\\;273\\\\\\;V\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;k\\;(\\theta\\;+\\;273)\\;\\\\V\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;k\\;\\theta\\;+\\;273\\;k\\\\\\;Y\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;m\\;X\\;+\\;C\\end{array}<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0dc3\u0db8\u0dd3\u0d9a\u0dbb\u0dab \u0db7\u0dcf\u0dc0\u0dd2\u0dad\u0dba\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd3 \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba \u0d9a\u0dd9\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0dc0\u0dbd\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0d86\u0daf\u0dda\u0dc1 \u0d9a\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd3\u0db8 \u0d9a\u0dbd \u0dba\u0dd4\u0dad\u0dd4 \u0dba.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"5\">\r\n<li><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{rcl}&amp;&amp;T\\;\u0da7\\;\u0d91\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0dc0\\;V\\;\u0db4\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dbb\u0dba\u0dda\\;\u0d85\u0db1\u0dd4\u0d9a\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0db8\u0dab\u0dba\\end{array}<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"273\" height=\"253\" class=\"wp-image-3925\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-685.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-685.png 273w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-685-150x139.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 273px) 100vw, 273px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{rcl}PV\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;nRT\\\\\\;(V)\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;(\\frac{nR}P)\\;(T)\\;\\\\\\;\\;Y\\;\\;\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;\\;\\;\\;m\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;X\\;\\end{array}<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0db8\u0dd9\u0db8 \u0db4\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dbb\u0dba\u0dda \u0d85\u0db1\u0dd4\u0d9a\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0db8\u0dab\u0dba\u0da7 \u0db6\u0dbd\u0db4\u0dcf\u0db1 \u0dc3\u0dcf\u0db0\u0d9a \u0dc0\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1\u0dda,<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\">\r\n<li>\u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad\u0dc0 \u0dad\u0db6\u0dcf \u0d9c\u0dad\u0dca \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad\u0dc0 \u0dad\u0db6\u0dcf \u0d9c\u0dad \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0db8\u0dc0\u0dd4\u0dbd \u0d9c\u0dab\u0db1<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"6\">\r\n<li>Log T \u0da7 \u0d91\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0dc0 Log V \u0db4\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dbb\u0dba<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"305\" height=\"285\" class=\"wp-image-3926\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-686.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-686.png 305w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-686-300x280.png 300w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-686-150x140.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 305px) 100vw, 305px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 130px;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 130px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 130px;\"><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{rcl}\\frac VT\\;&amp;=&amp;K\\\\\\log\\left(\\frac VT\\right)&amp;=&amp;\\;\\log\\\\\\;\\log\\left(V\\right)\\;\u2013\\;\\log\\left(T\\right)\\;&amp;=&amp;\\log\\left(\\;K\\;\\right)\\\\\\log\\left(\\;V\\right)\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;\\log\\left(T\\;\\right)+\\log\\left(\\;\\;K\\right)\\;\\\\\\;\\;\\;Y\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;\\;\\;m\\;X\\;\\;\\;+\\;\\;\\;C\\end{array}<\/span><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0db4\u0dc4\u0dad A \u0dc4\u0dcf B \u0d85\u0dc0\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dae\u0dcf 2 \u0dc3\u0d82\u0dc3\u0db1\u0dca\u0daf\u0db1\u0dba \u0d9a\u0dbb\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"218\" height=\"202\" class=\"wp-image-3927\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-687.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-687.png 218w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-687-150x139.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 218px) 100vw, 218px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"232\" height=\"202\" class=\"wp-image-3928\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-688.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-688.png 232w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-688-150x131.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 232px) 100vw, 232px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u0d91\u0d9a\u0db8 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0 \u0d91\u0d9a\u0db8 \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba \u0db1\u0db8\u0dca,<\/figure>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><strong> m <sub>B<\/sub> &gt; m <sub>A<\/sub> <\/strong><\/figure>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u0d91\u0d9a\u0db8 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0 \u0d91\u0d9a\u0db8 \u0dc3\u0dca\u0d9a\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dba \u0db1\u0db8\u0dca,<\/figure>\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><strong> P<sub>A<\/sub> &gt; P<sub>B<\/sub> <\/strong>\u00a0<br \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"406\" height=\"210\" class=\"wp-image-3929\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-689.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-689.png 406w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-689-300x155.png 300w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-689-150x78.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 406px) 100vw, 406px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"388\" height=\"204\" class=\"wp-image-3930\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-690.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-690.png 388w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-690-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-690-150x79.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 388px) 100vw, 388px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table style=\"width: 100%; height: 58px;\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 58px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 58px;\">\r\n<p>\u0d91\u0d9a\u0db8 \u0dc3\u0dca\u0d9a\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dba \u0d91\u0d9a\u0db8 \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba \u0db1\u0db8\u0dca,<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>n <sub>B<\/sub> &gt; n <sub>A<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong> M<sub>A<\/sub> &gt; M<sub>B<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"412\" height=\"244\" class=\"wp-image-3931\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-691.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-691.png 412w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-691-300x178.png 300w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-691-150x89.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 412px) 100vw, 412px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\gamma_P<\/span> \u0dba\u0db1\u0dd4 \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd3 \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf \u0db4\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0dcf\u0dbb\u0dab\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dc0\u0dba \u0dc0\u0dda.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0db8\u0dda \u0d85\u0db1\u0dd4\u0dc0 \u0d91\u0d9a\u0db8 \u0dc0\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dc5\u0dd2 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dad \u0dc3\u0dca\u0d9a\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dba\u0d9a \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad\u0dc0 \u0d87\u0dad\u0dd2 \u0dc0\u0dd2\u0da7 \u0d91\u0dc4\u0dd2 \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba \u0dc0\u0dd0\u0da9\u0dd2 \u0dc0\u0db1 \u0dc3\u0dd1\u0db8 \u0dc3\u0dd9\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dc3\u0dca \u0d85\u0d82\u0dc1\u0d9a\u0dba\u0d9a\u0da7 \u0db8 \u0d91\u0dc4\u0dd2 \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dc0 0\u00b0C \u0dc4\u0dd2 \u0daf\u0dd3 \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dc0\u0dd9\u0db1\u0dca 1\/273 \u0d9a\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0dc0\u0dd0\u0da9\u0dd2 \u0dc0\u0dda.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd3 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0d9a \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dc0 \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba \u0d85\u0dad\u0dbb \u0dc3\u0db8\u0dca\u0db6\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dc0 \u0dc3\u0dad\u0dca\u200d\u0dba\u0dcf\u0db4\u0db1\u0dba \u0d9a\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd3\u0db8<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0daf\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dc0\u0dca\u200d\u0dba \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0d8b\u0db4\u0d9a\u0dbb\u0dab<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dba \u0db6\u0dd2\u0db3\u0d9a\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0dc3\u0dd2\u0dbb \u0d9a\u0dc5 \u0dc0\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dc5\u0dd2 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dad \u0d9a\u0db3\u0d9a\u0dca \u0dc3\u0dc4\u0dd2\u0dad \u0d91\u0d9a\u0dca \u0d9a\u0dd9\u0dc5\u0dc0\u0dbb\u0d9a\u0dca \u0dc3\u0d82\u0dc0\u0dd8\u0dad \u0dad\u0dd4\u0db1\u0dd3 \u0db6\u0dd2\u0dad\u0dca\u0dad\u0dd2 \u0dc3\u0dc4\u0dd2\u0dad \u0db4\u0da7\u0dd4 \u0d92\u0d9a\u0dcf\u0d9a\u0dcf\u0dbb \u0dc0\u0dd3\u0daf\u0dd4\u0dbb\u0dd4 \u0db1\u0dc5\u0dba\u0d9a\u0dca<\/li>\r\n<li>(0-100)<sup>o<\/sup>C\u00a0\u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0db8\u0dcf\u0db1\u0dba\u0d9a\u0dca<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0da2\u0dbd\u0dba \u0dc3\u0dc4\u0dd2\u0dad \u0d8b\u0dc3 \u0db6\u0dd3\u0d9a\u0dbb\u0dba\u0d9a\u0dca<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0db8\u0db1\u0dca\u0dae\u0dba\u0d9a\u0dca<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0dad\u0dd9\u0db4\u0dcf\u0dc0\u0d9a\u0dca<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0d9a\u0db8\u0dca\u0db6\u0dd2 \u0daf\u0dd0\u0dbd\u0d9a\u0dca<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0db6\u0db1\u0dca\u0dc3\u0db1\u0dca \u0daf\u0dcf\u0dc4\u0d9a\u0dba\u0d9a\u0dca<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0d9a\u0dbd\u0db8\u0dca\u0db4 \u0d86\u0db0\u0dcf\u0dbb\u0d9a\u0dba\u0d9a\u0dca<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0dbb\u0db6\u0dbb\u0dca \u0db4\u0da7\u0dd2 \u0d9a\u0dd2\u0dc4\u0dd2\u0db4\u0dba\u0d9a\u0dca \u0dc3\u0dc4 mm \u0dc0\u0dbd\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0d9a\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0db8\u0dcf\u0d82\u0d9a\u0dd2\u0dad \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dab\u0dba\u0d9a\u0dca<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"123\" height=\"209\" class=\"wp-image-3932\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-692.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0dbb\u0dd6\u0db4\u0dba\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd0\u0d9a\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dd9\u0db1 \u0db1\u0dc5\u0dba \u0dad\u0dd4\u0dc5 \u0dc3\u0dd2\u0dbb \u0dc0\u0dd3 \u0d87\u0dad\u0dd2 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dc0 V \u0daf,<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0d91\u0db8 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda \u0d9a\u0dd9\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba T \u0daf, \u0db1\u0db8\u0dca,<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0da0\u0dcf\u0dbd\u0dca\u0dc3\u0dca \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dba\u0da7 \u0d85\u0db1\u0dd4\u0dc0, \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba\u0dda \u0d87\u0dad\u0dd2 \u0d85\u0da0\u0dbd \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0dc3\u0dca\u0d9a\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dba\u0d9a<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{rcl}V\\;&amp;\\propto&amp;\\;T\\\\\\;\\;V\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;KT\\end{array}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0d9a\u0db3\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd2\u0d9c l \u0daf, \u0db1\u0dc5\u0dba\u0dda \u0d85\u0db7\u0dca\u200d\u0dba\u0db1\u0dca\u0dad\u0dbb \u0dc4\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0dca\u0d9a\u0da9 \u0dc0\u0dbb\u0dca\u0d9c\u0db5\u0dbd\u0dba A \u0daf \u0db1\u0db8\u0dca,<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{rcl}V\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;lA\\\\\\;\\;lA\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;KT\\\\l\\;&amp;=&amp;\\frac KAT\\end{array}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"219\" height=\"165\" class=\"wp-image-3933\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-693.png\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-693.png 219w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-693-150x113.png 150w, https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-693-80x60.png 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 219px) 100vw, 219px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>T \u0da7 \u0d91\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0dc0 l \u0db4\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dbb\u0dba \u0db8\u0dd6\u0dbd \u0dbd\u0d9a\u0dca\u0dc2\u0dca\u200d\u0dba\u0dba \u0dc4\u0dbb\u0dc4\u0dcf \u0d9c\u0db8\u0db1\u0dca \u0d9a\u0dbb\u0dba\u0dd2 \u0db1\u0db8\u0dca,\u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0d9a \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dc0 \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba \u0d85\u0dad\u0dbb \u0dc3\u0db8\u0dca\u0db6\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dc0 \u0dc3\u0dad\u0dca\u200d\u0dba\u0dcf\u0db4\u0db1\u0dba \u0dc0\u0dda.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0d9a\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0db8\u0dba<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0db8\u0dcf\u0db1\u0dba\u0dda \u0db6\u0dbd\u0dca\u0db6\u0dba \u0dc3\u0dd2\u0dc4\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0db1\u0dc5\u0dba\u0dda \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0d9a\u0db3\u0dda \u0db8\u0dd0\u0daf \u0d9a\u0ddc\u0da7\u0dc3\u0dd9\u0dc4\u0dd2 \u0db4\u0dd2\u0dc4\u0dd2\u0da7\u0db1 \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0daf\u0dd2 \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0db1\u0dc5\u0dba\u0dda \u0dc3\u0d82\u0dc0\u0dd8\u0dad \u0d9a\u0dd9\u0dc5\u0dc0\u0dbb \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dab\u0dba\u0dda \u0dc1\u0dd4\u0db1\u0dca\u200d\u0dba \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0dc3\u0db8\u0db4\u0dcf\u0dad \u0dc0\u0db1 \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0daf\u0dd2 \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0db8\u0dcf\u0db1\u0dba \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0db1\u0dc5\u0dba \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dab\u0dba\u0da7 \u0dc3\u0dc0\u0dd2 \u0d9a\u0dbb\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1.<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0dbb\u0dd6\u0db4\u0dba\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd0\u0d9a\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dd9\u0db1 \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0daf\u0dd2 \u0d8b\u0db4\u0d9a\u0dbb\u0dab \u0d85\u0da7\u0dc0\u0dcf \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0db8\u0dcf\u0db1\u0dba\u0dda \u0db4\u0dcf\u0da8\u0dcf\u0d82\u0d9a\u0dba\u0dad\u0dca \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0d9a\u0db3\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd2\u0d9c\u0dad\u0dca \u0dc3\u0da7\u0dc4\u0db1\u0dca \u0d9a\u0dbb \u0d9c\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1.<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0da2\u0dbd\u0dba \u0dc4\u0ddc\u0db3\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0db8\u0db1\u0dca\u0dae\u0db1\u0dba \u0d9a\u0dbb\u0db8\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0db6\u0dd3\u0d9a\u0dbb\u0dba \u0dbb\u0dad\u0dca \u0d9a\u0dbb\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1. \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba 10<sup>\u00b0<\/sup>C \u0d9a\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0db4\u0db8\u0dab \u0dc0\u0dd0\u0da9\u0dd2 \u0dc0\u0dd6 \u0db4\u0dc3\u0dd4 \u0daf\u0dcf\u0dc4\u0d9a\u0dba \u0d89\u0dc0\u0dad\u0dca \u0d9a\u0dbb \u0da2\u0dbd\u0dba \u0d9a\u0dbd\u0dad\u0dcf \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0db8\u0dcf\u0db1\u0dba\u0dda \u0db4\u0dcf\u0da8\u0dcf\u0d82\u0d9a\u0dba \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad\u0dc0 \u0dad\u0db6\u0dcf \u0d9c\u0dd9\u0db1, \u0dbb\u0dc3\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dba \u0db6\u0dd2\u0db3 \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dc1\u0dca\u0da0\u0dbd \u0dc0\u0dd6 \u0dc0\u0dd2\u0da7 \u0db1\u0dd0\u0dc0\u0dad \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0db8\u0dcf\u0db1\u0dba\u0dda \u0db4\u0dcf\u0da8\u0dcf\u0d82\u0d9a\u0dba\u0dad\u0dca \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0d9a\u0db3\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd2\u0d9c\u0dad\u0dca \u0dc3\u0da7\u0dc4\u0db1\u0dca \u0d9a\u0dbb \u0d9c\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1.<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0d89\u0db1\u0dca \u0db4\u0dc3\u0dd4 \u0db1\u0dd0\u0dc0\u0dad\u0dad\u0dca \u0db6\u0dd3\u0d9a\u0dbb\u0dba \u0dad\u0dd4\u0dc5 \u0d87\u0dad\u0dd2 \u0da2\u0dbd\u0dba \u0dbb\u0dad\u0dca \u0d9a\u0dbb \u0db8\u0db1\u0dca\u0dae\u0db1\u0dba \u0d9a\u0dbb\u0db8\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0d91\u0dc4\u0dd2 \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba 10<sup>\u00b0<\/sup>C \u0d9a\u0dca\u200d \u0db4\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dab\u0dc0\u0dbd\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0db1\u0d82\u0dc0\u0db8\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0db4\u0dcf\u0da8\u0dcf\u0d82\u0d9a \u0dc4\u0dba\u0d9a\u0dca \u0db8\u0dda \u0d86\u0d9a\u0dcf\u0dbb\u0dba\u0da7 \u0dbd\u0db6\u0dcf \u0d9c\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1. \u0db4\u0dcf\u0da8\u0dcf\u0d82\u0d9a \u0dc0\u0d9c\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda \u0dc3\u0da7\u0dc4\u0db1\u0dca \u0d9a\u0dbb \u0d9c\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0db4\u0dcf\u0da8\u0dcf\u0d82\u0d9a \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0d9c\u0dab\u0db1\u0dba<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba (\u03b8<sup>\u00b0<\/sup>C)<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba (K)<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0d9a\u0db3\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd2\u0d9c l (cm)<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>T \u0da7 \u0d91\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0dc0 l \u0db4\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dbb \u0d9c\u0db1\u0dca\u0dc0\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0db1\u0dd2\u0d9c\u0db8\u0db1\u0dba<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0db4\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dbb\u0dba\u0da7 \u0d85\u0db1\u0dd4\u0dc0 \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd3 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0d9a \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dc0 \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba \u0d85\u0dad\u0dbb \u0dc3\u0db8\u0dca\u0db6\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dc0 \u0db1\u0dd2\u0d9c\u0db8\u0db1\u0dba \u0d9a\u0dbb\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0dc3\u0dcf\u0d9a\u0da0\u0dca\u0da1\u0dcf\u0dc0<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0db4\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dad\u0dd2\u0db5\u0dbd \u0dc0\u0da9\u0dcf\u0dad\u0dca \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dc0\u0dd0\u0dbb\u0daf\u0dd2 \u0d9a\u0dbb \u0d9c\u0dd0\u0db1\u0dd3\u0db8 \u0dc3\u0db3\u0dc4\u0dcf \u0db8\u0dd9\u0dc4\u0dd2 \u0daf\u0dd3 \u0d9c\u0dd9\u0db1 \u0d87\u0dad\u0dd2 \u0d9a\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dcf\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dbb\u0dca\u0d9c \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd3\u0d9a\u0dca\u0dc2\u0dab\u0dba \u0d9a\u0dd9\u0dbb\u0dd9\u0dc4\u0dd2 \u0db6\u0dbd\u0db4\u0dcf\u0db1 \u0d85\u0db1\u0dca\u0daf\u0db8 \u0dc3\u0dcf\u0d9a\u0da0\u0dca\u0da1\u0dcf \u0d9a\u0dbb\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0dc3\u0da7\u0dc4\u0db1<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>\u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba \u0d89\u0dc4\u0dc5 \u0dba\u0db1 \u0d85\u0dc0\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dae\u0dcf\u0dc0\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd3\u0dad\u0dca, \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba \u0db4\u0dc4\u0dc5 \u0db6\u0dc3\u0dd2\u0db1 \u0d85\u0dc0\u0dc3\u0dca\u0dae\u0dcf\u0dc0\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd3\u0dad\u0dca, \u0dba\u0db1 \u0daf\u0dd9\u0dc0\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dc0\u0dda\u0daf\u0dd3 \u0db8 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0d9a\u0db3\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd2\u0d9c \u0dc3\u0da7\u0dc4\u0db1\u0dca \u0d9a\u0dbb \u0d9c\u0dd0\u0db1\u0dd3\u0db8 \u0dc0\u0da9\u0dcf \u0dba\u0ddd\u0d9c\u0dca\u200d\u0dba \u0dc0\u0dda.<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dba \u0d9a\u0db3 \u0db1\u0dc5\u0dba\u0dda \u0db6\u0dd2\u0dad\u0dca\u0dad\u0dd2\u0dba\u0da7 \u0d87\u0dbd\u0dd3 \u0db4\u0dd0\u0dc0\u0dad\u0dd3\u0db8\u0dd9\u0db1\u0dca \u0dc3\u0dd2\u0daf\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0db1 \u0daf\u0ddd\u0dc2\u0dba \u0d91\u0db8\u0d9c\u0dd2\u0db1\u0dca \u0d85\u0dc0\u0db8 \u0dc0\u0dda.<\/li>\r\n<li>\u0db4\u0da7\u0dd4 \u0d92\u0d9a\u0dcf\u0d9a\u0dcf\u0dbb \u0db1\u0dc5\u0dba \u0dad\u0dd4\u0dc5 \u0d87\u0dad\u0dd2 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0d9a\u0db3\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd2\u0d9c \u0dc0\u0dd0\u0da9\u0dd2 \u0dc0\u0db1 \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0daf\u0dd2 \u0d91\u0dba \u0dbb\u0dd6\u0db4\u0dba\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd0\u0d9a\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dd9\u0db1 \u0d86\u0d9a\u0dcf\u0dbb\u0dba\u0da7 \u0db1\u0dd0\u0db8\u0dd3\u0db8\u0dd9\u0db1\u0dca \u0dc4\u0ddd \u0db1\u0dc5\u0dba\u0dda \u0d9a\u0dd9\u0dc5\u0dc0\u0dbb\u0da7 \u0dad\u0dd4\u0db1\u0dd3 \u0db6\u0dd2\u0dad\u0dca\u0dad\u0dd2 \u0dc3\u0dc4\u0dd2\u0dad \u0d9a\u0dd4\u0da9\u0dcf \u0dc0\u0dd3\u0daf\u0dd4\u0dbb\u0dd4 \u0db6\u0dbd\u0dca\u0db6\u0dba\u0d9a\u0dca \u0dc3\u0db8\u0dca\u0db6\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0 \u0d9a\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd3\u0db8\u0dd9\u0db1\u0dca \u0dc4\u0ddd \u0d8b\u0db4\u0d9a\u0dbb\u0dab\u0dba\u0dda \u0dc3\u0d82\u0dc0\u0dda\u0daf\u0dd2\u0dad\u0dcf\u0dc0 \u0dc0\u0dd0\u0da9\u0dd2 \u0dc0\u0db1 \u0d85\u0dad\u0dbb \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd3\u0d9a\u0dca\u0dc2\u0dab\u0dba \u0d9a\u0dd2\u0dbb\u0dd3\u0db8\u0dda \u0daf\u0dd3 \u0db4\u0dcf\u0da8\u0dcf\u0d82\u0d9a \u0d85\u0dad\u0dbb \u0dc4\u0ddc\u0db3 \u0dc0\u0dd2\u0dc3\u0dd4\u0dbb\u0dd4\u0db8\u0d9a\u0dca \u0dbd\u0db6\u0dcf \u0d9c\u0dad \u0dc4\u0dd0\u0d9a\u0dd2 \u0dba.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0db1\u0dc5\u0dba\u0dda \u0db1\u0dd0\u0db8\u0dd3 \u0d87\u0dad\u0dd2 \u0d9a\u0ddc\u0da7\u0dc3\u0dda \u0d85\u0da9\u0d82\u0d9c\u0dd4 \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0dda \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dc0 V \u0daf, \u0db1\u0dc5\u0dba\u0dda \u0d85\u0db7\u0dca\u200d\u0dba\u0db1\u0dca\u0dad\u0dbb \u0dc4\u0dbb\u0dc3\u0dca\u0d9a\u0da9 \u0dc0\u0dbb\u0dca\u0d9c\u0db5\u0dbd\u0dba A \u0daf \u0db1\u0db8\u0dca,<\/p>\r\n<span class=\"wp-katex-eq\" data-display=\"false\">\\begin{array}{rcl}Al\\;+\\;V\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;kT\\\\l\\;&amp;=&amp;\\;\\Big(\\frac kA\\Big)T\\;-\\;\\frac VA\\end{array}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"84\" height=\"184\" class=\"wp-image-3936\" src=\"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/12\/image-694.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Video links:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><div class=\"epyt-video-wrapper\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\"  id=\"_ytid_86799\"  width=\"696\" height=\"392\"  data-origwidth=\"696\" data-origheight=\"392\"  data-relstop=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ieXcZp4Ni04?enablejsapi=1&autoplay=0&cc_load_policy=0&cc_lang_pref=&iv_load_policy=1&loop=0&rel=0&fs=1&playsinline=0&autohide=2&theme=dark&color=red&controls=1&\" class=\"__youtube_prefs__  no-lazyload\" title=\"YouTube player\"  allow=\"fullscreen; accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/div>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 100px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-shadow td_btn_normal\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" style=\"border-radius: 15px;\" href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/uc?id=1PkSuuiuAOu5JSSKwcMWlUH5Lw8u3pUl8&amp;export=download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0db4\u0dcf\u0da9\u0db8\u0dda \u0dc3\u0da7\u0dc4\u0db1 Download \u0d9a\u0dbb\u0d9c\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1.<\/a><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 100px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-hdq-quiz-block hdq-quiz-gutenberg\">[HDquiz quiz = 1482]<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-shadow td_btn_normal\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" style=\"border-radius: 15px;\" href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/1THHRrdg6f09rwJiCRgONNOA6EY74cVGn?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0dad\u0dc0\u0dad\u0dca \u0db4\u0dca\u200d\u0dbb\u0dc1\u0dca\u0db1 \u0db4\u0dd9\u0db1\u0dca\u0dc0\u0db1\u0dca\u0db1.<\/a><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" style=\"height: 100px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0d85\u0da0\u0dbd \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4 \u0dc3\u0dca\u0d9a\u0db1\u0dca\u0db0\u0dba\u0d9a \u0db4\u0dd3\u0da9\u0db1\u0dba \u0db1\u0dd2\u0dba\u0dad \u0dc0\u0dd2\u0da7 \u0d8b\u0dc2\u0dca\u0dab\u0dad\u0dca\u0dc0\u0dba\u0dda \u0dc4\u0dcf \u0db4\u0dbb\u0dd2\u0db8\u0dcf\u0dc0\u0dda \u0dc0\u0dd9\u0db1\u0dc3\u0dca \u0dc0\u0dd3\u0db8 \u0d9a\u0dd2\u0dc3\u0dd2\u0dba\u0db8\u0dca \u0dc0\u0dcf\u0dba\u0dd4\u0dc0\u0d9a\u0dca \u0dc3\u0db3\u0dc4\u0dcf \u0db6\u0dbd\u0db4\u0dcf\u0db1 \u0d86\u0d9a\u0dcf\u0dbb\u0dba \u0db8\u0dd9\u0dc4\u0dd2\u0daf\u0dd3 \u0dc3\u0dcf\u0d9a\u0da0\u0dca\u0da1\u0dcf \u0d9a\u0dbb\u0dba\u0dd2.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":9339,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1352,1368,39,42],"tags":[63,91,1443,89,64,494,1444,3543,69,3539,90,3533,88,66,2853,3544,65,1440,87,1442,2899,281,61,1441,3517,3540,3542,86,2858,102,492,55,103,85,3541,84,83],"class_list":{"0":"post-3874","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-1352","8":"category-04-03-02","9":"category-physics","10":"category-advanced-level-science","11":"tag-al","12":"tag-books","13":"tag-dynamics","14":"tag-e","15":"tag-exam","16":"tag-gas","17":"tag-heat","18":"tag-ideal","19":"tag-introduction","20":"tag-law","21":"tag-lessons","22":"tag-niyamaya","23":"tag-notes","24":"tag-physics","25":"tag-pressure","26":"tag-real","27":"tag-science","28":"tag-thaapaya","29":"tag-theory","30":"tag-thermo","31":"tag-volume","32":"tag-281","33":"tag-61","34":"tag-1441","35":"tag-3517","36":"tag-3540","37":"tag-3542","38":"tag-86","39":"tag-2858","40":"tag-102","41":"tag-492","42":"tag-55","43":"tag-103","44":"tag-85","45":"tag-3541","46":"tag-84","47":"tag-83"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3874"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3874"}],"version-history":[{"count":39,"href":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3874\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27609,"href":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3874\/revisions\/27609"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9339"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3874"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3874"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnsteer.sasnaka.org\/science\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}